OPERATING SYSTEM (OS):

Unlike other machines a computer a computer will not function by merely switching it on. it needs the operating system in order to function according to our requirements.

An OS is a set of routine programs that is used to manage the operations of the computer. A simple analogy is that of the policeman who directs traffic at a busy intersection. The OS is the policeman and coordinating the operation of the computer.

The OS Isolates the hardware from the user. The user communication with the OS, supplies application programs and the data that is in a language and format acceptable to the OS and receives output. But the user need not concerned about how the OS directs the hardware. The OS consists of numerous small programs called control programs that do specific operations.

The Functions of the Operating System are:

• To control input or output operations use of keyboard display screen, and printer so that people can easily enter data and receive output.
• To control the movement of data in the primary storage.
• To locate and load programs from secondary storage.
• To save files in the secondary storage.
• To manage a larger task in a smaller primary memory by using the technique of virtual memory.

BOOTING:

The Operating System must be available in the RAM in order to carry out its functions. The process of lading the Operating System program from the secondary storage device onto the RAM called booting. Once the booting process is complete some massage will appear on the screen or the GUI will appear on the screen to indicate to the iser that the system is ready for use Booting takes place automatically as soon as you switch on your computer.