What is Software?

The term "software" refers to a collection of programs. A program consists of logical instructions required to accomplish a specific task. These instructions can be given using various computer languages. Software can be classified into Application software and System software.

Application Software

Application software is a collection of programs designed to solve specific data processing tasks. Examples include payroll, financial accounting, inventory control, and ticket reservation software. These programs are developed by Application programmers. Application software can also be standardized and used by anyone, known as Standard Application Packages, e.g., MS-Word, MS-Excel, MS-Access.

System Software

System software consists of programs designed to operate, control, and extend processing capabilities of the computer or the computer itself. These programs are developed by System programmers. Examples include the Operating System (OS), Compilers and Interpreters.

Hardware

Hardware refers to all the physical or tangible equipment associated with a computer system. It includes various components such as Input Devices, Output Devices, Central Processing Unit(CPU), and Secondary Storage Devices.

Input Devices

Input devices are used to enter data and commands into the computer. Examples include keyboards, mice, and touchscreens.

Output Devices

Output devices display or present data processed by the computer. Examples include monitors, printers, and speakers.

Central Processing Unit

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the brain of the computer. It performs calculations and manages data processing.

Secondary Storage Devices

Secondary storage devices are used to store data for the long term. Examples include hard drives, solid-state drives (SSD's), and optical discs.